surface n. 1.表面;地面;水面;广场,空地。 2.外观,外表,皮毛。 3.【几】面;切口;【航空】翼面。 adj. 表面的;地面的,水面的;外观的,外表上的;(对高架及地下铁路说的)平地上的;(对矿井内说的)矿井外的。 an adjusting surface 【航空】调节板。 a supporting surface 【航空】支持面积。 a plane surface 平面。 surfaces in contact =rubbing surfaces 摩擦面。 look at the surface only 只看外表。 One never gets below the surface with him. 人们无法看透他的内心。 a surface raider 海上突击舰。 look below [beneath] the surface of things 看到事物的内部。 of the surface 外观上的,表面的。 on the surface 表面上,外表上。 vt. 为…装面[配面],对…作表面处理;使成平面;掘开…的地面;铺(路面);使(潜艇)浮出水面。 vi. 地面采掘,井外劳动;浮出水面。
The distribution of mean wind pressure is analyzed and compared with the distribution on similar structural surface . through summarizing the rules for wind direction affection on wind pressures distribution , the most dangerous wind directions are gotten 分析了平均风压的分布情况,并将其与相近结构表面的风压分布进行了比较;通过总结平均风压随风向角的变化规律,得出椭球面屋盖和圆锥面幕墙最不利风向角。
On the basis of a large number of field geology investigation , the theory on engineering stratification was applied to analyze and study systemically rock mass structural surface of dam abutment , and further throw light on overall character of rock mass structure . by setting up definite structural level model and statistical model , and analyzing further numerical simulation of finite element , the action of rock mass stress and shape distortion has been recognized and apprehended in depth 本论文以现场地质调查为基础,应用系统工程层次性理论,对坝肩岩体结构面进行了系统的分析研究,阐明了坝肩岩体结构的总体特征,建立了坝肩岩体结构的确定性层次模型和统计模型,通过进一步的有限元数值模拟分析,深化对岩体应力形变作用的认识与理解。
It has been proved that some structural adjustments may somehow cut down on the surface radiation noise of the engine , thus bringing down the overall noise level . basically it means to increase the structural rigidity and the damping so as to reduce the structural surface response under the same exciting force 实践表明,在结构上采取措施可以一定幅度地降低发动机的表面辐射噪声,从而降低整机噪声。控制的基本措施是增加结构刚度和阻尼,使得在同样的激振力作用下减少结构表面响应。
Although various mechanics models have put forward many numerical techniques , the widely used one that is commonly admitted by engineers is the finite element method . combined the joint elements , on some extent this method could overcome structural surface obstacles described by the mechanics of continuous media such as the joint of canny existing in the inner of rocks . until now , the finite element method has been widely employed because of the mature of the large - scale construction computing software 针对各种力学模型提出了多种数值方法,最广泛使用的并获得了工程界普遍承认的是有限元法,有限元法结合节理单元可以一定程度上克服连续介质力学在描述岩体内部存在节理裂隙等结构面的障碍,目前有限元法由于大规模结构计算软件的成熟而为工程界所普遍运用。
The early studies are mostly focused on the method of gluing piezoceramics on structural surfaces , which has some disadvantages such as difficulties to protect the ceramics and the connection wires , bad coupling with only one surface glued on the base materials , low signal - to - noise ratio etc . these problems can be solved using the embedded piezoceramics , and furthermore , the piezoceramics can be placed in the optimal positions , especially in the optimal deepness for the piezo - actuators , according to an optimization algorithm befor e they are embedded , so the actuator effects and sensor signals are thereby enhanced 早期的研究主要集中在表面粘贴压电片的结构,表面粘贴压电片具有一些无法克服的缺点。本文着重进行利用埋入复合材料结构的压电传感器和压电驱动器对其振动进行主动控制的相关理论和实验研究,并介绍其相应结果。埋入型压电材料的优点主要是能保护压电传感器和作动器及其连线、增强压电材料和基体材料的耦合、优化埋入压电陶瓷的深度和厚度可增强压电传感器的测量信号并提高信噪比等。
In order to direct the water to the forebav of the pump station from the original canal , a channel long 135 m is designed . it crosses through the terrain top with a depth of more than 50 m . soil of the channel slopes is a strongly - weathered silty and sandy mudstone with many well - developed reticular cracks and takes the structural surfaces almost same as the channel slopes 东深供水工程金湖泵站位于塘厦镇东面,属低山、残丘地貌,地面高程22 60m ;泵站前池进水渠横切山脊,连接原东深供水河,设计开挖1条长135m的进水渠,坡高50多米,边坡土质为强风化的粉砂质泥岩,网状裂隙发育,结构面基本与坡面重合;坡体土质中含有较多的粘土矿物,具有遇水软化的特性。